ILOs:

• Describe the general structure of viruses and describe how they infect and replicate in human cells.
• Describe the human immunodeficiency virus, and outline how HIV enters, infects and destroys CD4 lymphocytes.
• Define viral tropism.
• Outline the clinical features of HIV disease in relation to the effects on the immune system.
• Explain what is meant by an opportunist pathogen and understand their relation to the CD4 count in HIV infection.
• Discuss the principles of treatment of HIV.
• Discuss the impact of stigma and discrimination for individuals living with HIV.

• Describe the general structure and life cycle of typical human viruses
• Explain how viruses infect host cells.
• Explain the immune response to viral infections
• Describe the relationship between HIV and the immune system
• Explain the transmission of HIV, common signs and symptoms and its management
• Explain what is meant by ‘opportunistic infection’ and how this specifically relates to PCP
• Explain how the stigma of HIV can affect patients and their care
• Briefly explain the declaration procedure for HIV and who needs to be informed

PBL 2 - Bacteria, Viruses & Immunology.pdf