ILOs
Part 1
- Describe common congenital and developmental abnormalities of growth including hamartomas and ectopias
- Define hypertrophy and hyperplasia, atrophy, and metaplasia; give an account of important physiological and pathological factors and stimuli responsible for these changes and illustrate each of these processes with specific examples
- Relate these processes to altered tissue homeostasis including cell proliferation
- Discuss the effects of mechanical tissue injury including diverticula, intussusception and herniation.
Part 2
- Offer a definition of a neoplasm, and critically discuss that definition.
- Define dysplasia and its synonyms, and its significance for carcinogenesis.
- Analyse differences between benign and malignant neoplasms, and show how some tumours do not fall neatly into either category
- Give an account of how specific tumour entities are defined and classified
- Describe the different routes of tumour growth and spread
- Discuss the techniques by which a neoplastic diagnosis may be established
- Understand the principles of tumour grading and staging and its clinical relevance
Part 1
- What is homeostasis and its purpose?
- Outline some examples of environmental changes that cells must adapt to
- What happens if environmental changes (stresses) are more than cells can handle?
- Outline the differences between pathological and physiological adaptations to stress