CAKUT and Pyelonephritis

understand the pathophysiology of tubulointerstitial renal diseases such as pyelonephritis
understand the clinical consequences of tubulointerstitial abnormalities

Let’s remind ourselves of the embryological origins of the kidney…
When does nephrongenesis occur? How many nephrons do we have at birth, and what’s our GFR at birth?
An outline of all the renal investigations we have available to us…

Congenital Abnormalities of Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT)

Give us an overview of the prevalance and incidence of CAKUT…
What are the different types of CAKUT we can get? List them!
Explain what renal agenesis is…
What is renal hypodysplasia, how does it present and how do we manage it?
What is multicystic dysplastic kidney?
Outline the clinical presentation of autosomal recessive polyscystic kidney disease (ARPKD)…
What are the associated abnormalities with, and prognosis of ARPKD?
What do we need to know about ADPKD in paediatrics?
How does ADPKD present in children?
Outline the associated anomalies, management and prognosis of ADPKD…
What are the causes of hydronephrosis? Who is likely to get it and when do we pick it up in imaging?
How do we define obstructions in the GU tract?